“The Triple Threat: Exploring the Interplay of ADHD, Insomnia, and Internet Gaming Disorder”

Does ADHD affect the relationship between circadian typologies, insomnia, IGD

🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷🔷

• Recently a study was done to evaluate the relationships between circadian typologies, insomnia, and internet gaming disorder and how ADHD affects this relationship.

Researchers took three groups of 69 young adults (Lin et al., 2023) :

1. A group with Internet Gaming Disorder
2. A control group - comprising age and sex-matched nongamers
3. A group of gamers without IGD was established through diagnostic interviews.

• The participants with IGD exhibited lower composite scale of morningness scores and thus a higher eveningness preference (Lin et al., 2023).
• The group with IGD scored higher on the Pittsburgh insomnia rating scale.
• The participants with IGD and ADHD exhibited lower CSM scores but higher PRIS_20 scores than the participants with IGD but without ADHD (Lin et al., 2023).

🟥These findings indicate that participants with IGD experienced more severe insomnia and preferred to be awake more in the evening.

🟥ADHD exacerbated the eveningness preference and insomnia of the subjects with IGD.

🟥The study suggests that we need to pay close attention to sleep problems in people with IGD and especially in those with ADHD

🟥Why is this study important?

• Well gaming technology has advanced considerably in recent decades, and more people have access to the internet. And now there is a new global mental health concern which is Internet Gaming Disorder or IGD.
• The DSM-5-TR notes that IGD must cause "significant impairment or distress" in several aspects of a person's life ( 2023).
• Scholars have found that excessive internet gaming is associated with maladaptive gaming beliefs and can lead to psychological consequences such as depression and interpersonal impairment
• Because inadequate or nonrestorative sleep can remarkably reduce a person’s quality of life, understanding the association between IGD and sleep is crucial. Research has indicated that IGD is related to low sleep quality, limited sleep time, and subjective insomnia. Insufficient experimental evidence is currently available regarding the sleep patterns of individuals with IGD.

🟥Therefore understanding circadian typologies among individuals with IGD is essential

References

Lin, Y. J., Yen, J.-Y., Lin, P.-C., Liao, H.-Y., & Ko, C.-H. (2023). Circadian typologies and insomnia in individuals with internet gaming disorder comorbid with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Scientific Reports, 13, 12764. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39462-2

(2023). internet Gaming (J. ShererM.D., Ed.) [Review of internet Gaming]. American Psychiatric Association; American Psychiatric Association. Retrieved September 2, 2023, from https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/internet-gaming

‌

Introspection

🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩

• The founders of experimental psychology used the methods of experimental introspection which involved asking subjects to focus on their personal reflections and then relate them to outside signals.
• Most of the subjects were male and asked to rate their experiences on a one to ten-point scale. Psychologists at the time believed that introspection could be used to study mental elements such as sensations and feelings.

🟩There were limitations of introspection

🟩Introspection was not appropriate for studying complex psychological processes.

🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩🟩

Mary Calkins' self-psychology

Calkins was a psychologist who understood the limitations of introspection. Her new approach to psychology focused on the self which had three founding concepts (Shiraev, 2016) :

1. The self
2. The object
3. The self's relation or attitude toward that object.

Two levels of the self  (Shiraev, 2016):

1. contents of consciousness
2. environment in which the content unfolds.

• Calkins's self-psychology was influenced by the work of William James, another early psychologist who was critical of introspection.
• Introspection in psychology declined by the early 20th century
• Calkins's self-psychology was also influenced by the work of the philosopher Josiah Royce, who argued that the self is not a fixed entity, but rather a process of becoming.
• James proposed a theory of the self that emphasized its dynamic and ever-changing nature.

References

 Shiraev, E. (2016). Personality Theories: A Global View. SAGE Publications, Inc. (US). https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/books/9781506300795

Suicide Prevention

 

Suicide: A Cry for Help

⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛

Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death in the United States, and it is the second leading cause of death among young people ages 15-24. It is a serious public health issue that affects people of all ages, races, and ethnicities.

⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛

There are many reasons why someone might consider suicide. Some people may feel hopeless or like they have no way out of their problems. Others may be struggling with mental health conditions such as depression or anxiety. Still others may have experienced trauma or abuse.

⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛

• Whatever the reason, suicide is never the answer. It is a permanent solution to a temporary problem. There are people who care about you and want to help. If you are thinking about suicide, please reach out for help. There are many resources available, including:
• The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-TALK (8255)
• The Crisis Text Line: Text HOME to 741741
• The Trevor Project: 1-866-488-7386
• You are not alone. There is help available. Please reach out for help if you are thinking about suicide.

• In addition to the resources listed above, there are many other ways to get help for suicide. You can talk to a trusted friend or family member, see a therapist or counselor, or join a support group. There are also many online resources available.

• If you are concerned about someone who may be suicidal, please talk to them about your concerns. Let them know that you care about them and that you are there for them. You can also encourage them to get help from a professional.

• Suicide is a serious issue, but it is one that can be prevented. If you or someone you know is thinking about suicide, please reach out for help. There is hope.

⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛

Here are some additional tips for preventing suicide:

• Talk to your doctor or a mental health professional if you are feeling suicidal.
• Get involved in your community and build strong relationships with friends and family.
• Take care of your physical health by eating healthy, exercising, and getting enough sleep.
• Learn healthy coping mechanisms for dealing with stress and difficult emotions.
• 
  If you are feeling overwhelmed, reach out for help from a crisis hotline or mental health professional.

It is important to remember that suicide is never the answer. There is help available, and you are not alone. If you or someone you know is thinking about suicide, please reach out for help.

⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛⬛