Schizoid Personality Disorder: Understanding the Loner

Schizoid Personality Disorder (SPD) is a condition characterized by difficulties in forming social relationships and a general lack of interest in doing so. Individuals with SPD tend to be seen as cold and distant, often lacking social skills and being classified as loners or introverts. However, it is important to note that not all loners or introverts have SPD.

People with SPD tend not to take pleasure in many activities, including sexual activity and rarely marry. They are generally not very emotionally reactive, rarely experiencing strong positive or negative emotions, and instead show a generally apathetic mood. These deficits contribute to their appearing cold and aloof.

The prevalence of SPD, which is more common in males than females, is a little over 1 percent. In terms of the five-factor model, people with SPD show extremely high levels of introversion (especially low on warmth, gregariousness, and positive emotions). They are also low on openness to feelings (one facet of openness to experience) and on achievement striving.

It is important to understand that individuals with SPD are not choosing to be distant or aloof; it is simply a part of their condition. With proper support and understanding, they can lead fulfilling lives.

References:

Hooley, J. M., Nock, M. K., & Butcher, J. N. (2019). Abnormal Psychology (18th ed.). Pearson Education (US). https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/books/9780135191033