Humanistic

 

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Humanistic Psychology

Focuses on the individual and their unique experiences and emerged in the 1950s and 1960s as a reaction to behaviorism and psychoanalysis which were two dominant schools of thought at the time.

Humanist Psychologists

• Emphasized the importance of free will, responsibility, and self-actualization and believed that people are fundamentally good and have the capacity to grow and develop into their full potential.

They believed that psychology had lost sight of the individual. 

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Criticisms of behaviorism (Shiraev 2015):

Behaviorism is too simplistic and deterministic and reduces human behavior to a set of learned responses that ignore the role of free will and personal responsibility.

Behaviorism is focused on changing behavior rather than helping people to understand and grow.

Behaviorism ignores consciousness and the subjective experience of the person

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Criticisms of psychoanalysis (Shiraev 2015):

Too focused on the unconscious and the past and it neglects the conscious mind and the potential for growth and change.

Psychoanalysis is too pessimistic and deterministic and views people as being controlled by unconscious forces.

Too expensive and time-consuming.

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References





Shiraev, E. (2016). Personality Theories. SAGE Publications, Inc. (US). https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/books/9781506300795